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Digital marketing glossary

Clear explanations of SEO, AI search, content, advertising and analytics, with practical context.

323 terms

Local/international SEO

Local Search

Local search is a search behavior in which users search for businesses, places, and services based on a specific location or surrounding area. Even if there is no local name in the search term, the context of the location is reflected, and results are displayed in the form of map packs and local packs.

Local/international SEO

Google Business Profile

Google Business Profile lets businesses manage information shown in Google Search and Maps, including names, addresses, hours, contact details and customer reviews.

Local/international SEO

Local Pack

A local pack is an area of search results in Google Search that shows business information related to a location along with a map.

Local/international SEO

Map Pack

A map pack is an area where maps and business lists appear together in search results. Similar to Local Pack, but centered around a map interface, users visually compare locations to decide where to visit.

Local/international SEO

Near Me Search

Nearby search refers to searching for businesses, places, and services around the user's current location or designated area.

Local/international SEO

Local Keyword

Local keywords are search terms that include location intent, such as area name, commercial area name, and station area. Industries and regions are combined in the form of 'Gangnam Dermatology Clinic' and 'Restaurants near Hongdae', and local landing pages and map profiles must work together to be effective.

Local/international SEO

International SEO

International SEO designs sites and content so people in different countries or languages can find product and service information that fits their needs.

Local/international SEO

Multilingual SEO

Multilingual SEO manages pages in multiple languages so people and search engines can find the appropriate language version.

Local/international SEO

Multiregional SEO

Multi-regional SEO is optimization that targets multiple countries (e.g. UK, US, Australian English) or regions that use the same language so that appropriate pages are displayed. It is necessary to set hreflang's country code and differentiate content by region.

Local/international SEO

Country-code Top-level Domain

ccTLD is a country-specific top-level domain like .kr, .jp, and .uk. It provides a strong local signal, but operating costs are high because domains for each country must be managed separately. In the early stages of global expansion, the subdirectory method is often more efficient.

Local/international SEO

x-default

x-default is a value in hreflang that specifies the default page to be shown to users who do not exactly match any language or region. It is set on the global home or language selection page, and is not required for all sites.

Tagging/tracking

Google Tag Manager

Google Tag Manager is a tag management system that allows marketers to directly add, edit, and version manage tags such as GA4, Google Ads, and remarketing pixels without distributing developer code. It consists of three elements: tag, trigger, and variable, and speed and data quality can be improved with a server-side container.

Tagging/tracking

Tag

In GTM, a tag is a unit that defines 'what to execute'. When trigger conditions are met, tasks such as sending GA4 events, tracking Google Ads conversions, and calling Meta pixels are performed. Most marketing tools can be added without code using Google's official templates and community templates.

Tagging/tracking

Trigger

A trigger defines ‘when to execute a tag’ in GTM. Precisely control when tags are fired by combining event types (pageview, click, form submission) and filter conditions (specific URL, CSS class, data layer value). Accurately designing filters is the key to data accuracy.

Tagging/tracking

Variable

GTM variables read or calculate values for tag parameters and trigger conditions. They include built-in and user-defined types.

Tagging/tracking

Data Layer

The data layer is a JavaScript object (array) that structures and delivers web page events, products, and user data to GTM and GA4. The developer generates an event with dataLayer.push(), and GTM connects this data to the tag and delivers it to GA4 and advertising pixels.

Tagging/tracking

Data Layer Variable

A data-layer variable reads a specified value from GTM’s data model for use in a tag or condition.

Tagging/tracking

Data Layer Push

dataLayer.push adds events and data for GTM to process.

Tagging/tracking

Container

The GTM container is the highest management unit that contains tags, triggers, and variables. When one snippet code (GTM-XXXXXX) is inserted into the site, all settings in the container are applied. There are web container (client side) and server container (server side) types, and it supports version management and rollback.

Tagging/tracking

Preview

GTM Preview tests workspace changes before publication and shows event-level tags and values in Tag Assistant.

Tagging/tracking

Tag Assistant

Tag Assistant is Google's official tool that automatically diagnoses the installation status and errors of Google tags (GA4, GTM, Google Ads) on web pages. There are two methods: a web version (tagassistant.google.com) and a Chrome extension, and tag firing in real time are checked in conjunction with the GTM preview session.

Tagging/tracking

Google Tag

Google tag is an integrated tag that connects all Google tools such as GA4 and Google Ads with one snippet. As an evolution of the existing gtag.js, when you use GA4 configuration tags in GTM, Google tags work internally. ‘Integrating the Google ecosystem with one tag’ is the core goal.

Tagging/tracking

gtag.js

gtag.js is an official JavaScript library that is inserted directly into HTML to transmit data to Google tools such as GA4 and Google Ads. This is a method where the developer manages tags directly with code without GTM, initializing them with gtag('config', 'G-XXXXXXXX') and sending events with gtag('event', ...).

Tagging/tracking

GA4 Configuration Tag

GA4 Configuration tag is the name of a former GTM tag type. It was replaced by the Google tag in 2023, and existing configuration tags were upgraded automatically. Check current setups using the Google tag terminology.